Antibodies to Presenilin 1 and 2

Introduction

Presenilin-1 (PS1) ad Presenilin 2 (PS2) are catalytic subunits of the gamma-secretase complex, an endoprotease complex that catalyzes the intramembrane cleavage of integral membrane proteins such as Notch receptors and APP (beta-amyloid precursor protein).

The other members of the gamma-secretase complex are required to have a protease activity. PS1 and PS2 may play a role in intracellular signaling and gene expression or in linking chromatin to the nuclear membrane. Three causative genes have been identified that when mutated lead to presenile Alzheimer's disease: APP (amyloid precursor protein gene), PSEN1 and PSEN2. These three genes account for half of the families with autosomal dominant presenile AD, which represent approximately 10% of the whole AD population. In addition, apolipoprotein E has been identified as a risk-modifying locus. Defects in PSEN1 are a cause of familial early-onset Alzheimer disease type 3 (AD3) and defects in PSEN2 are the cause of Alzheimer disease type 4 (AD4). AD3 is the most severe form of the disease, with complete penetrance and an onset occurring as early as 30 years of age. The second form is late-onset AD (LOAD), with mean age of onset greater than 58 years. AD is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive dementia, parkinsonism, and deposition of fibrillar amyloid proteins as intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles, extracellular amyloid plaques and vascular amyloid deposits. The major protein found within these deposits is a small, insoluble and highly aggregating polypeptide, beta-amyloid protein (beta-APP42). Defects in PSEN1 result in an overproduction of beta-APP42. Variant Pro-166, a very aggressive mutation that causes onset of AD3 in adolescence, not only induces an exceptionally high increase of beta-APP42 production, but also impairs Notch intracellular domain production and Notch signaling, as well as beta-APP intracellular domain generation.

Antibody Tools for the Detection of Presenilins

Acris Antibodies offers a panel of antibodies to Presenilin 1 and 2. These antibodies are suitable for immunological detection methods like immunohistochemistry or Western blotting.

Fig. 1: Presenilin 1 staining of normal human hippocampus using antibody GT15027

Fig. 2: Presenilin 2 staining of brain using antibody RA18004

Fig. 3: Western blot analysis for Presenilin-2 using antibody SM7081 at 1:500 against 30 µg/lane of HL-60 cell lysate. A protein band of approximate molecular weight of 55 kDa was detected

Available Antibody Panel to Presenilin

Presenilin-1 (PS-1, PSEN1, AD3) antibody, Presenilin-2 (PS-2, PSEN2, PSNL2, AD3LP) antibody

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